Sample Part 4 Speaking Task

Topic: Public Transport and Environmental Issues

Examiner: Now, let’s continue the discussion about public transport and environmental issues.

Examiner: In your opinion, what are the most significant environmental benefits of using public transport?

Candidate A: One of the most significant benefits is the reduction in carbon emissions. Public transport, like buses and trains, can carry many passengers at once, which means fewer cars on the road and less pollution. Additionally, public transport systems can be designed to use cleaner energy sources, such as electricity or natural gas, further reducing their environmental impact. Another benefit is the decrease in traffic congestion, which not only reduces emissions but also lowers noise pollution in urban areas.

Candidate B: I agree with those points. Another environmental benefit is the conservation of space. Public transport systems require less space than extensive road networks needed for private cars. This means more areas can be preserved for parks, green spaces, and wildlife habitats. Moreover, promoting public transport can encourage more sustainable urban planning and development.

Examiner: Why do you think some people are still reluctant to use public transport despite these benefits?

Candidate B: Many people find public transport inconvenient compared to the flexibility of using their own car. They may perceive it as less reliable or less comfortable, especially during peak hours when buses and trains can be crowded. There’s also the issue of accessibility; not everyone lives close to a public transport stop, and the routes might not always be direct, making it a less practical option for some.

Candidate A: Additionally, there’s a social perception issue. In some places, public transport might be seen as a less desirable mode of travel, associated with lower socioeconomic status. Improving the image of public transport and making it more attractive through modern, clean, and efficient services could help change this perception.

Examiner: How can governments encourage more people to use public transport?

Candidate A: Governments can implement policies that make public transport more attractive and accessible. For instance, subsidizing fares to make it more affordable can encourage more people to use it. Investing in infrastructure to ensure services are frequent, reliable, and cover a wide area is also crucial. Additionally, providing incentives such as tax benefits for regular users or implementing congestion charges for private vehicles can discourage car use and promote public transport.

Candidate B: I think public awareness campaigns are also important. Educating people about the environmental and economic benefits of using public transport can influence public behavior. Furthermore, integrating technology, like real-time tracking apps, can improve the user experience, making public transport more convenient and user-friendly.

Examiner: Do you think the use of public transport will increase in the future? Why or why not?

Candidate B: I believe it will increase, especially as urban populations continue to grow. Cities will need to find sustainable solutions to manage this growth, and public transport is a key component. Advances in technology, such as electric buses and smart transportation systems, will also make public transport more efficient and appealing. Additionally, as awareness of environmental issues rises, more people will likely choose public transport as a greener alternative.

Candidate A: I agree. However, the rate of increase will depend on the efforts made by governments and communities to improve and promote public transport. If significant investments are made in infrastructure, and if public transport is made more convenient and reliable, we could see a substantial rise in its use. On the other hand, if these improvements aren’t made, people might continue to rely on private vehicles.